Download TV test patterns for projectors and displays

PLUGE (Picture Line-Up Generation Equipment) sets the black level on a display. Three sub-black bars (4, 8, 16 of 255) should be: 4 invisible against pure black, 8 just-barely-visible, 16 clearly visible. Adjust brightness/black-level until that pattern is achieved — under-bright crushes shadow detail, over-bright lifts the whole image and reduces contrast.

A 10% window means 10% of total luminance area, which on a 2D display is sqrt(0.1) ≈ 32% of each axis. This is the standard for HDR peak-brightness measurement (HDR10 reference is 100 cd/m² for 10% window at SDR target) — the pattern lets you measure peak nits with a luminance meter without the panel running into power-limiter throttling.

Yes — at the centre the rays converge to one pixel. Adjust projector focus until the rays at the centre are clean and crisp. The same star also reveals chromatic aberration: if you see colour fringes at the spoke edges, the lens has CA at that focus.

The 1-pixel grid (every other pixel white) shows focus and pixel sharpness at native resolution. On a perfectly-focused projector it looks like uniform gray; on an out-of-focus or 1:1-misaligned setup it shows visible moiré, alignment errors and scaling artefacts.